Diff for "802.11a" - Personal Telco Project

-  ← Revision 4 as of 2002-05-23 13:45:24 →
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  Editor: pw
  Comment:
+  ← Revision 5 as of 2005-02-24 10:53:31 →
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-.11a is a protocol based on the 5.8GHz UnniBand (instead of the

2.4GHz IsmBand), this protocol can reach theoretical speeds of 52Mbs.  



In typical outdoor usage it will have a shorter range (though it may be

effected by water less) however it's use of OfdmModulation means it's

better at dealing with MultiPathFading issues which are especially

prevelant in warehouse / metropolitan area deployments due to

reflections.



See also: ["802.11b"], ["802.11g"], AccessPointReviews



A recent posting by JimThompson to the PersonalTelco MailingList has

more information:



{{{SamChurchill writes:

> I thought 5 Ghz could deliver backbone services to multiple users 10 miles

> away. Am I mistaken?

> 

> A Multi-Point 5.8 Ghz tower on a hill reaching 10-15 miles might make a good

> backbone for the Satellite Truck. But upon looking at the FCC part 15 rules

> now I'm not so sure. The 5.8 Ghz band can go 20 or miles but only point to

> point. Antenna gain limits EIRP for multipoint connections. Perhaps too much

> to be useful. Am I wrong?}}}

 

 Depends if you're looking at the U-NII or ISM rules.  In 5.8 under U-NII (part 15.407) rules, (which you quote) in the 5.725-5.825GHz range, we're limited to 1W + 6dBi of gain, unless we're running point-to-point, when we get 23dBi.

 

 If we're running under 15.247 (ISM), and point-to-point, then:



  (ii) Systems operating in the 5725-5850 MHz band that are used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations may employ transmitting antennas with directional gain greater than 6 dBi without any corresponding reduction in transmitter peak output power.

                     

 Otherwise, with p2mp (or omni) we're limited to 1W and 6dBi of gain, just like U-NII (and 2.4!).

                     

 However, the Atheros AR5000 chipset (without the LNA) has a RX sensitivity of -71dBm for 72Mbps @10% PER (Packet Error Rate) and -85dBm for 6 Mbps @10 % PER.

                     

 With the LNA, things get better (by about 3dBm), but I only know of two vendors shipping with the high-quality LNA.  Since 6Mbps isn't that interesting, lets guess that the equation is mostly linear, and figure -80dBm @ 36Mbps.

                     

 So, using your figures:

                     

 1. A 10-mile link using 5.8-GHz radios would experience a total path loss of approximately 132 dB.

 * Deduct another 4-5 dB for 50 feet of cable and connectors or a total loss around 136 dBm.



 1. Sensitivity gain of -80 dBm

 * With two, 6 dBi gain antennas, total gain is 12dBm.

 * A 1 watt radio is equivalent to 30 dBm.



 Total gain would be (80+12+30) or +122 dBm gain [[BR]]

 Minus total loss ~ (-136 dBm) [[BR]]

 Net result equals   (-14 dBm) [[BR]]

                                

 So, 10 miles is 'too far' at 36Mbps.  2 miles yeilds 118dBm of free space path loss @ 5.8GHz.  Stretching this link to 5 miles will get you a 6Mbps data rate.  

                                

 Suggestions:



 1. I'm fairly sure you can run 23dBm of gain on the "point to" (non-tower) end.  This changes things somewhat.  139dBm total gain, or something near to your 10 mile goal (which has a 132dBm free space loss

 * EIRP is measured sans connector loss.

 * Phased array antennas (which deliver incredible gain) 'count' as PTP.  I've seen the FCC letter.

 * 24dBm of headroom is a bit much (IMO).  Remember that OFDM is a bit better at dealing with fading, esp multipath fading.

 * Mesh networking (eg. AdhocRouting)



----

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